Tattooing - the trend of expressing the personality of Chinese youth

Thanks to the influence of famous stars, in the past decade, tattooing has become popular and gradually accepted by Chinese society. Even young people and talented tattooists make it a trend.

The art of tattooing has existed for a long time in China. However, almost during that time, their existence was always associated with social stigmas. Mentioning tattoos, people immediately think of criminals, dust or gangsters.

"Ten years ago, we always associated tattoos with criminals or gangsters. People who want to get tattoos are afraid of being scrutinized by society," said Liao Lijia, 28-year-old tattoo artist at Creation Tattoo shop in Beijing. , speak. "However, the tattoo culture is now accepted by the Chinese, especially Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou."

A series of tattoo shops have mushroomed in cities across China, and many people are quickly buying their own gear to join this increasingly lucrative business.

"Over the past three years, our number of customers has been steadily doubling every year," said Yu Haiyang, Liao's boss. On average, Yu's shop earns about 10,500 USD per month. "My income is now 10 times higher than it was six years ago."

Unique personality

For young people, tattooing is a way for them to affirm their individuality and mark the memories in life, whether positive or negative.

"I think each tattoo is a symbol for me, like my name. It's a special part of my body that makes me different. Show your soul and your world,"  Wang said. Zi, 28, a fashion designer, said.

Wang has a hot air balloon tattoo on his shoulder blade. She designed this tattoo herself to inscribe her dream of flying in a hot air balloon since childhood.

Du Wei, 28, an information technology worker in Beijing, has a butterfly tattoo on her chest, reminiscent of her lost child.

While Chinese characters are very popular in the West, like David Beckham having a Chinese proverb on his body, most Chinese prefer to have English characters and phrases tattooed.

The most common words are "love" and "forever". There are people who choose to tattoo lyrics to songs like John Lennon's "Imagine" or quotes from the Bible.

Da Hua, a tattooist, is often inspired by Chinese legends. Initially, he practiced tattooing on pieces of pig skin bought at the local market.

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Tattoo culture

Asia has long had its own tattoo culture. Japan is famous for its bold and bold tattoo style. Hong Kong is also a bastion of tattoo art. The port city has hosted many British sailors whose tattoo culture blends traditional Western images such as roses and anchors, with oriental motifs such as dragons and tigers.

Mainland China is also starting to form its own style of tattooing, both classic and modern.

Qiao Zhengfei, a 20-year-old tattooist, used to have his own shop in Xiamen city before moving to Beijing to expand his business.

She specializes in intricate tattoos with black ink. Qiao was delighted when these tattoos became a living embodiment of her work.

"It's an aesthetic choice," she says. "I can't do traditional Chinese tattoos like dragons or fish. They don't sympathize with me."

Business or art?

In China, many tattoo shops are just small, curtained rooms and are owned by full-blown tattooists. Some large stores are more decorated.

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Most Chinese tattooists do not want to see their work as an art form, but merely a business.

Eight years ago, Zhao Liang graduated as a teacher with a major in painting and planned to teach or become a government official.

"However, both occupations have low income. Since I have to support my family, I think I need to find a job with a living income."

One day, he saw a poster advertising tattoos for 50 yuan ($8) each and thought why not give it a try.

"Then I started tattooing. I just found that my life is getting better and better," Zhao said.

WHEN DOES THE VIKING AGE START? Part II

WEAPONS AND CONQUERATIONS

Archaeologists have argued that the climate changes during that time spurred agriculture, causing the courageous and vigorous population growth that prompted the Vikings to set out to find Find new lands. The rest maintained a policy of leadership at home, supporting capital for treasure hunts in an attempt to create more wealth, maintain dominance and supremacy. Today there is still controversy about the number of Viking women who participated in the conquests. The Vikings carried out raids and established colonies throughout Europe and eastward to Russia. By the mid-11th century, the Norse empire had spread to England, Iceland, Greenland, and Canada, and they were also deployed to capture ports in Italy and Spain as well as Constantinople.

From at least 795 to 836 AD, there were countless raids with planned "capture and retreat" by both Norse and Danes into Ireland. There is potential because the Christian monasteries in Ireland are potential because they are poorly protected and contain a lot of wealth in the form of precious metals and also human power. Settling in rich Christian lands also offered better prospects than staying in the resource-poor Scandinavian homeland.

A famous raid took place at Luni, now in the province of La Spezia - Italy, where Bjorn (or Hastein) sent messengers to the Bishop to inform him of his death. The messenger said that on his deathbed he converted to Christianity and his death wish was to be buried on this holy ground. The bishop was given permission for the Vikings to bring their leader's body into town. When the Vikings entered Luni, Bjorn jumped out of his coffin, rushed to the city gates and opened the way for the rest of the Vikings to enter. There is a funny mistake here, that Bjorn is attacking Luni but he thinks he is attacking Rome.

There is a fatal misunderstanding that the Vikings often formed "shields", standing close together in battle, like Roman legionnaires or Spartan warriors. A relatively small and light Viking shield, used as a secondary weapon, their style is to rush into the enemy formation, using strength and shield to knock out the opponent. They use a variety of highly skilled and efficient individual combat techniques. One of them is called "svinfylking" (Arrow formation or Pig's Fang formation), which is used to attack and penetrate enemy walls with an ax as the main weapon, something of high efficiency. in creating fear.

The Dane ax is a two-handed weapon used exclusively in combat. Famous for being used by the "huscarl" (Old English, Norse royal guards) of King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings in 1066 AD and represented on the Bayeux Cloth, a cloth embroidered nearly 70 m long and 50 cm high, depicting the battles between King William of Normandy and Harold of Wessex. Another type of Viking war ax was the ax with a long bayonet part like a hook, used with one hand and also used to hook up weapons or enemy shields. When not in combat, this ax is also used to chop wood.


SEAL STRENGTH – US BATTLETER

Warships and seas have been of great importance in traditional Norse cultures since the Bronze Age. Many historians consider Viking shipbuilding to be one of the greatest technical and artistic and aesthetic achievements of the "Middle Ages" period in Europe. These boats glide very fast, and have enough strength to survive sea crossings while the draft is only 50 cm (about 20 inches), allowing the ship to maneuver and navigate in very water. farm.

These boats are generally slim and flexible, with symmetrical ends and sturdy keels. They are built in "clinker built", a boat-building technique in which the edges of the hull planks are superimposed on each other. Some ships may have dragon heads or other figures protruding from the bow and stern.

The Viking ships prompted them to embark on trade, conquest, and exploration voyages. They were an important part of Viking society, not only as a means of transportation but also because of the prestige this boat brought to the owner or captain. That is why if an upper class noble was not to die at sea, he would still be buried in a ship on land, often buried with both rare and precious weapons and pottery. There have been a few such finds in the 20th century, such as the Gokstad (from 890 AD) and the Oseberg (from the early 9th century AD). They believe these boats will also provide them with a safe passage to the other side of the world.

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A WEEKLY DAY OF NORTH EUROPEAN MEN AND WOMEN

Viking craft skills and shipbuilding prowess are often overshadowed by stereotyped images of violent invaders, looters or explorers. But there are more conventional perspectives in the lives of Nordic men and women. In the professional realm, the Vikings were skilled farmers, shipbuilders, merchants, blacksmiths, goldsmiths, ironsmiths, cooks, tailors and craftsmen, and divers. This product is still handed down by their descendants to this day.

Nordic people make beautiful jewelry in the form of bracelets, rings, necklaces, etc… very beautiful and sophisticated, from a variety of materials including copper, iron, gold, silver, amber and turpentine. In the early Viking days, these beautiful pieces of jewelry were very simple, but over time, the pieces became more specific and elaborate.

The full Viking abode was constructed according to social hierarchies, in which a few were enslaved and left to live with livestock or rubbish, while others resided. in the high chair. Large family homes can include a couple, concubines, assistants, farmers and warriors, wildlife, workers, guests and a host of their descendants. Despite living under the same roof, the daily routines and hierarchies of the council created thresholds between groups and made people unique from each other.

The walls of a large house are usually made from a structure of sticks glued together, then glued on. Some large houses have a forge inside, although more commonly the forge is housed in a separate gable. Roofs are usually made of thatch or wooden shingles.

Archaeologists also found things — pots, knives, and iron rings, for example — buried in or near doors. Perhaps these items were used to protect the house from supernatural forces from the outside. And keeping the artifacts at the same time creates a connection between people's daily lives and their homes. The Vikings also have a strange and completely unique historical tradition: they buried their own homes.

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Interesting things about Vikings - the 'most belligerent' people in human history

In the 800s - 1050s, the Vikings used to use small boats with high durability and speed at sea to loot wealth in neighboring countries such as Iceland (Iceland), Sweden, Denmark, England or the Netherlands. .

Vikings represent those knowledgeable in navigation and adept in the conflicts between the lords of Northern Europe. They often play the role of merchants who go to trade and exchange and then plunder if they see an opportunity.

Vikings often did not invade the land to rule, but only waged war and created a trading power of barter in the Nordic and Eastern European areas.

They are the worry of the majority of the population scattered along the coast because the Vikings are large, strong and very barbaric. They often attack villages and monasteries in a flash and steal gold, silver, jewels and beautiful young women.

In particular, the Vikings were very good at sea, they sailed across Europe and the North Atlantic on long boats, raiding and plundering, conquering most of the rich lands, and then settling in the occupied lands. Okay.

The Vikings were famous for being good warriors. That's due to many factors: Their trains are fast and can travel long distances.

With 200 ships, they can carry 5,000 troops a day for 150 nautical miles (about 280 km), so the enemy often does not have time to concentrate forces to defend and cope.

In addition, they have the ability to quickly land on beaches or along small rivers without the need for ports because their snekker ships are very light and easy to carry on land.

The usual Viking armament was an ax, a shield, a helmet with a nose shield ( jernhat ), a battle shirt with gray or blue trousers.

Only commanders use swords and armor. King Erik Vejrhat's helmet had a small flag on it, and King Guldharald had a golden head guard.

Interesting facts about Vikings

Viking warriors don't wear horned hats like we often see in movies and paintings. The horn detailing on the hat seems to have been composed according to the trends of the 19th century. It may have been inspired by the creation of ancient Greek and Roman historians of Northern Europe. Scientists explain this misunderstanding because the Vikings were buried with their battle helmets and animal horns used to drink water. When excavating the first Viking tombs, some archaeologists surmise that the horns used to be on their hats and fall.

Although these excellent warriors are often at sea, they are very clean people. At excavations where Viking warriors once lived, scientists have found tweezers, razors, combs and ear cleaners made from animal bones and antlers. In addition, they also bathed at least once a week, more than the average European at that time.

The Vikings used a single liquid to light the fire. They have the ability to create fire wherever they are due to this way of getting fire.

Women played a rather large role in Viking society. They do housework and look after the children while the man is away, may own property, file for divorce or claim a dowry from the husband's family. Viking women usually married from the age of 12. They began to live alone with their husbands and have children as soon as possible to both ensure the maintenance of the lineage and provide strong warriors at a very young age.

The Vikings spent most of their time farming. When the Viking pirates left their boat life, they planted barley, rye, and oats. They also raise livestock such as goats, pigs and sheep on small farms.

Vikings ski to reach many places and it is also a form of entertainment for people.

The ideal beauty in the culture for this warrior ethnic male is blond hair.

The Vikings were aggressive with themselves. In the Viking era, the tribes of this warrior nation often fought with swords against each other when not being attacked by foreign invaders.

Vikings, both men and women, learned martial arts from a very young age. Their favorite martial art and fighting platform is called Glima. Right from the age of 6, 7 years old, children here have been taught Glima. Thanks to that, Viking always possessed a strong warrior team during the most flourishing period. This martial art places great emphasis on strength, reflexes and especially assertiveness. Because not only for fighting, training Glima helps the Vikings increase their ability to withstand harsh weather conditions.

As the Vikings attacked across Europe, they captured people from the villages, enslaved them, and brought them back to Scandinavia. Women become sex slaves. If a female slave had a child with the master, he could consider it his own or turn it into another slave.

More brutally, the Vikings even sacrificed slaves to be buried with their masters. An excavation in Flakstad, Norway uncovered several graves along with 10 bodies, some of which were decapitated. After further research, archaeologists discovered that the people buried there were all slaves.

Vikings are very romantic. "That love letter " has the content: "Kiss me" . A scientist at the University of Oslo has decoded what is known as the jotunvillur cipher . This is a secret Runic language used by the Vikings in the 13th century, it has been found in more than 80 Norwegian inscriptions mentioning Valentine's Day. It's hard to believe that these people who specialize in looting, killing, and fighting are quite romantic people!

Descendants of the Vikings - Icelanders are the world's oldest living people. People on this isolated island of Iceland have an average life expectancy of 82 years, 10 years longer than the world average.

The Vikings accidentally sent mice everywhere. These creatures accidentally became guests on the boat and were taken around by the Vikings, they contributed to the popularity of rats in the places they passed.

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Mysteries about the Vikings

The Mystery of Doom

Recent research by scientists at Brown University (USA) suggests that the increasingly cold climate may be the cause of the extinction of this community in the 14th and 15th centuries.

Starting around 1100, the temperature dropped by 4 degrees Celsius. This was concluded by scientists after studying ice samples taken from two lakes at Kangerlussuaq.

Changes in weather patterns make the situation dangerous: Short and cold summers shorten farming times, food production declines, trade is hampered by increasing ice levels .

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